Industrialization Began Quickly - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1381 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/05/15 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Industrial Revolution Essay Did you like this example? Starting around 1760 America changed dramatically with the start of the industrial revolution; the country went from largely agricultural, relying on animal and human power to an urban industrial society with the invention of machinery. This was a major turning point in history, affecting nearly every aspect of society and daily life. Industrialization began quickly in Britain with mechanized spinning in the 1780s, during the 1800s steam power and iron production grew rapidly, eventually moving to the United States in the early 19th century with mechanized textile production. Fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas were utilized replacing the human and animal power previously used. In the early 18th century people began using coal for heating and cooking, during the process of mining the coal their mines would fill with water so, in 1776, James Watt designed a coal-burning steam engine to pump water out of coal mines when using horses hauling buckets took too long. As others began to improve on his design and put it to other uses, steam-powered machinery was becoming more popular leading to factories and rapid urban growth with many moving to these new cities to become employed. Before the factory system, products were made one at a time, by hand, by skilled workers in their home or a small workshops. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Industrialization Began Quickly" essay for you Create order People lived off the land as either landowner and self-employed farmers or laborers moving from job to job. They made their own clothing from yarn they spun and cloth they wove, families would also weave textiles to sell at markets, people and small towns were mainly self-sufficient through the cottage industry. As industrialization progressed and machinery became larger, factories formed around them and business owners hired unskilled workers to run them in the centralized workplace. The spinning Jenny was another groundbreaking invention patented in 1764 by James Hargreaves that allowed workers to spin many spools of wool at once. Workers could spin up to 120 spools at a time increasing the productivity of mills and furthering the industrialization of the textile industry. In 1789 Edmund Cartwright patented his second power loom which served as a model for inventors to improve upon. Cartwright also patented a wool-combing machine and a rope making machine in 1789 and 1792. Most, if not all, inventions during this time period mainly benefitted the business owner. In 1733 John Kay patented the flying shuttle. Prior to this, a weaver was needed on each side of a broad-cloth loom, the flying shuttle required fewer workers. Where multiple people in the past wouldve been used to make one piece of fabric, a machine operated by one worker could make much more. Instead of farm families cleaning the wool and spinning it into yarn, a carding machine would comb it and Samuel Cromptons water-powered spinning machine would spin the thread; Instead of using a skilled yarn weaver, Cartwrights power loom would weave the thread into cloth. A handful of machines like Cromptons, which could produce a finer quality thread at a lower cost, ran by one or two unskilled workers each, replaced entire families and towns of skilled workers. As textile inventions and innovations became more productive and reliable, the demand for cotton increased. This demand inspired Eli Whitney to invent the cotton gin, a machine that removed as much seed from cotton in one day that a woman did in two months. During this time many of the workers were women and children because they would work for lower pay compared to men, they worked in filthy, dangerous conditions. Children were healthy before being sent to work and often became sickly over time or were severely injured at work. Factory owners and merchants became more and more wealthy while laborers lives were incredibly rough. During this time there were no laws or regulations for the new industries, 80% of society were working class who had no power with their employers or over their jobs, and 12-14 hour days with only Sundays off were normal. The population continued to grow but there werent enough food supplies to go around, malnourishment was common as people went hungry. Since so many people moved to the cities so quickly, adequate housing wasnt always available so many moved into already overcrowded slums. Infant mortality was high, diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and tuberculosis spread quickly, and skilled workers such as hand weavers were unemployed where previously they were solidly middle-class citizens. These patterns continued until the early 19th century when laws and regulations were made to better society. New public health acts were put in place to regulate things such as home construction, sewage, and hygiene. In 1854 an English physician, John Snow, was able to trace a cholera outbreak to feces from a homes cesspit contaminating the public water supply and although it would take a few more years for his theory to be accepted, his work changed the way public water and sewage systems were designed. Water pipes went from being made from wood and relying on gravity to using iron pipes and steam pumps; literacy increased when the paper machine was invented and steam power was used for the printing process allowing for the expansion of publishing. The industrial revolution was the first period in history when population growth and increased personal average income happened at the same time. The life expectancy of children increased as safety practices were put into place, transportation improved along with railroads and steamships toward the end of the revolution, and remarkable mechanical advancements were made. As the industrial revolution went on amazing progress was made. Cement was starting to be used on a wide scale for buildings, making them safer and longer lasting. Gas lighting also became popular allowing factories and shops to stay open longer then lighting the streets and alleys for workers to find their way home. A paper machine made by Nicholas Louis Robert made one continuous sheet of paper in what is known as the continuous production process and its design is still used today and inspired the process for other industries like iron and steel. Transportation was made quicker, easier, and more organized when steamboats and steam engine locomotives were invented. People were able to develop timetables for when locomotives would arrive and depart while steamboats made transporting goods across the ocean easier and faster. Canals were used to transport heavy goods from city to city and as the revolution progressed they were improved when curves were straightened and they were made wider and deeper, canal networks were made which then served as a basis when constructing the railways. This network can still be seen in Britain today. The industrial revolution may have been over since the mid-19th century but its effects are still being seen today. These days, most things are made in factories around the world and transported by machines with the modern version of engines. Cities went from having only 3% of the worlds population in 1800 to having more than 50% today where buildings are safer, water is clean, and sanitation measures are put in place. The inventions patented during the revolution have been improved many times through the years but without them, we would never have the things we have now. People are generally safer working in factories due to laws and regulations made after seeing some of the horrors from the early days of the industrial revolution, child labor laws were put into place when reports were written spreading the word of children losing limbs, being crushed, and young factory girls developing what was known as phossy jaw while working in matchstick factories and trade unions were organized in order to allow workers to have some say in their working conditions and pay. In many companies around the world, trade unions are still utilized to ensure fair conditions for the workers. Unfortunately, the environment has suffered from the effects of industrialization through air pollution but efforts were made when societies and groups were founded to study these effects and figure out how to help. Today most governments are concerned with the quality of air and water so many new developments in clean production have been made. The industrial revolution made the world a more efficient place while also improving our quality of life, just about everything used today can be traced back in some form to the industrial revolution.

The Top Secret Truth on Expository Essay Topics High School Uncovered

The Top Secret Truth on Expository Essay Topics High School Uncovered The 30-Second Trick for Expository Essay Topics High School To begin with, a brief explanation of the game ought to be written. Write a nice introduction and you're off to a fantastic start. Needless to say, there are different topics, so in case you haven't found something you want, you ought to do more research. Prewriting In the prewriting phase, you will need to brainstorm about this issue and the major idea. To begin with, you should find the significance of the expository essay definition and pick the topic you understand well or at least find it interesting to find out more about. Yes, selecting a topic isn't effortless. Focus on your language as it ought to be eerror-free Imagine your essay is a precious stone and produce all its faces shine using an easily readable and authentic language. The truly amazing thing about expository essays is that you just should concern yourself with the facts. Th ings You Should Know About Expository Essay Topics High School To begin with, it's not going to enable your readers to get bored from the very start. An introduction is easily the most significant part your bit of writing. If you still find it tough to work on your expository essay, speak to our on-line writing team made from professional writers with at least 10 decades of experience to acquire your own personal academic lifebuoy! Writing your essay all on your own isn't always possible due to many constraints like time crunch, an emergency, etc.. Top Expository Essay Topics High School Choices Your essay is supposed to concentrate on why schools insist their students learn a foreign language and the way it can really help in somebody's overall improvement. Consider what you could do in order to make your school more beautiful. Describe many of the new responsibilities you will have when you enter middle school. Explain why some students are made to leave school as soon as they are sixteen. Facts, Fiction and Expository Essay Topics High School Try to remember that expository essays are supposed to explain something instead of give personal opinions on a specific subject or event. It aims to inform readers about some subject with solid evidence. Ideally, expository essays attempt to pass details about a particular component, all the ideas about the stated aspect have to get tied together. An expository essay's objective is to define and explain a subject chosen by means of an author. You are unable to begin writing an essay without a sharp clue about what things to write. Expository essay is an excellent means to educate your readers on any topic by only providing useful information without attempting to convince a reader to modify her or his beliefs. An expository essay is a part of academic writing aimed to supply explanations of various things. Lies You've Been Told About Expository Essay Topics High School When you've decided on an expository essay topic, you will most likely need several suggestions about how to organize the procedure for writing. Then the next step is going to be to find out more about the expository essay structure. When you're assigned to compose an expository essay, the very first thing you have to know is the way to write it. There are lots of expository essay topics to select from. If this is the case, you could have a great beginning to your expository essay. There isn't anything like a great expository essay example! While the aforementioned examples are a few of the most popular essay types, you may use the formula below to produce a few on your own. There are various kinds of essay and they require the special outline. There are several methods about how to compose an expository essay. When you are requested to design the expository essay, consider you've been requested to work as a teacher or expert in custom essays. When you have done that, start looking for some more information regarding the topics and when you're confident that the very first topic on your list satisfies you, start planning your essay. Directions for Writing Think about the significance of experiencing a mobile phone. The History of Expository Essay Topics High School Refuted If you're going to compose an expository essay, be ready to devote much time hitting books. Maybe you can sink a free throw every moment. Additionally, there are times when you truly feel like you don't wish to write anything. Probably there are instances when you need to do something but you truly feel too tired to do the job, and only want to have a rest.

In Act 1 Scene 3 of Othello Essay Example For Students

In Act 1 Scene 3 of Othello Essay In Act 1 Scene 3 of Othello, we have soliloquies from both Othello and Iago showing their inner feelings, and goes deeper into Iagos character. Firstly, we have Othellos soliloquy towards the Duke. This is prompted by Brabantios accusation that Othello has stolen his daughter, Desdemona, by use of spells and potions bought from charlatans. The duke is initially eager to take Brabantios side, but he becomes more sceptical when he learns that Othello is the man accused. The duke gives Othello the chance to speak for himself. Othello admits that he married Desdemona, but he denies having used magic to woo her and claims that Desdemona will support his story. He says that her father loved me; oft invited me, explaining that Brabantio frequently invited him to his house. Othello then continues that Brabantio still questiond me the story of my life from year to year, saying that Brabantio oft questioned him about his remarkable life story, full of harrowing battles, travels outside the civilized world, and dramatic reversals of fortune. Othello vividly describes these events to the Duke and tells tales of hair-breadth scapes i the imminent deadly breach, of being takenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦and sold to slavery, of my redemption thence, and tells the Duke that It was my hint to speakà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦and of the Cannibals that each other eat, the Anthropophagi and men whose heads do grow beneath their shoulders. He then tells the Duke that Desdemona overheard parts of the story and found a convenient time to ask Othello to retell it to her. Desdemona was moved to love Othello by his story; this is shown by Othello saying Sheld come again, and with a greedy ear devour up my discourse. He tells him that he often did beguile her of her tears when I did speak of some distressful stroke that my youth sufferd, telling the Duke that he would embrace Desdemona when she found the stories harrowing. He says that she wished that she did not have to hear the stories, yet she wishd that heaven had made her such a man. This is the way that would woo her, and says that she loved him because of his braveness in his adventures. Desdemona then enters the room, and tells the Duke to let her witness it if he did not believe Othellos story. However, this is not needed. The duke is persuaded by Othellos tale, dismissing Brabantios claim by remarking that the story probably would win his own daughter. After the Duke decides that Othello is right, they all leave, except for two of the characters. The stage is cleared, leaving only Roderigo and Iago. Once again, Roderigo feels that his hopes of winning Desdemona have been dashed, but Iago insists that all will be well, reassuring him that it is merely a lust of the blood and a permission of the will. Iago mocks Roderigo for threatening to drown himself Drown thyself! Drown cats and blind puppies, and Roderigo protests that he cant help being tormented by love. Iago contradicts him, asserting that I could never better stead thee than now, meaning that people can choose at will what they want to be. Put but money in thy purse, Iago tells Roderigo repeatedly in the paragraph that spans lines 329à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"351, urging him to follow him to Cyprus. He tells Roderigo that it cannot be that Desdemona should long continue her love to the Moor, again distancing himself from Othello, calling him the Moor. Iago promises to work everything out from there. When Roderigo leaves, Iago delivers his first soliloquy, declaring his hatred for Othello I hate the Moor and his suspicion that Othello has slept with his wife, Emilia, saying it is thought abroad that twixt my sheets he has done my office. His hatred towards Othello is strengthened by these false beliefs Iago holds. He says himself that I know not ift be true; but I, for mere suspicion in that kind will do as if for surety, meaning that even though he admits it is just a suspicion, he will treat the situation as if it were true. .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746 , .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746 .postImageUrl , .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746 , .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746:hover , .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746:visited , .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746:active { border:0!important; } .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746:active , .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746 .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u76a98a771892d50917e79a8ba7e12746:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Theme Of Revenge In Othello EssayHe lays out his plan to cheat Roderigo out of his money, or as Iago puts it, To get his place and to plume up my will. He also wants to convince Othello that Cassio has slept with Desdemona, and to use Othellos honest and unsuspecting nature to bring him to his demise. He thinks that Othello will fall for the plan, as he thinks that The Moor is of free and open natureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦and willà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦be led by the nose as asses are. We have already seen two interpretations of how these soliloquies can be delivered in the two film versions of the play; the Miller production for the BBC, featuring Anthony Hopkins as Othello and Bob Hoskins as Iago, and the Nunn version for the RSC, featuring Willard White as Othello and Ian McKellern as Iago. Anthony Hopkins has seen the speech as a mere explanation to the Duke and Brabantio, trying to get out of trouble with both of them; his body language is very relaxed as he simply leans on the Dukes table, and his voice is very calm. He is trying to explain his way out of the situation, and is coolly putting his point forward. It is almost as if he is trying to patronise his superiors, asserting his own superiority. Although he is relaxed, he still has a commanding physical position. This calm and collected speech is quite a contrast to Willard Whites interpretation. Although he is very calm in his manner, his body language is as if he is stalking around the room. With the emphasis on certain points, combined with the movements, it seems as if his aim is to intimidate the Duke. The two interpretations of Iagos speech are also differently interpreted in certain ways. Whilst talking to Roderigo, Bob Hoskins manner was that of a personal friend, with his arm around Roderigo, constantly patting him on the back and even giving him money on the line fill your purse. He sends Roderigo off on a high note, and is still jubilant after in his second soliloquy. But he then stops, and his attitude is that of an enraged man, and says I hate the Moor with spite. He speaks softly as he thinks, but his volume rises as he formulates his plan to blackmail Othello. But, whereas Iago seemed friendly, at least at the start of the BBC version, it is very different in the RSC version. Ian McKellern never treats Roderigo as a friend, treating him in the same threatening manner as Othello did towards the Duke. Then, as he delivers his second soliloquy, he directly addresses the audience, which makes him seem even more intimidating. He almost snarls his words, and then rises to a crescendo as he says I HAAAAAAAAAAAATE the Moor! But as he tells the audience of his plan at the end, his tone rises to an almost jubilant one. This brings across even more strongly the conniving ways of Iago.

Best Summary and Analysis The Great Gatsby, Chapter 5

Best Summary and Analysis The Great Gatsby, Chapter 5 SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Because The Great Gatsbyis nine chapters long, getting to Chapter 5 means that we’ve arrived in the exact middle of the story. Thus, it makes sense that this chapter takes a single event - Daisy and Gatsby’s perfectly romantic reunion - and uses it to both tie together everything that has been set up so far, and also to create such a delicate balance of safety and happiness that it’s clear that everything will soon crumble. But before the bubble of love pops, enjoy the world’s most magical, most carefully planned â€Å"accidental† date. Quick Note on Our Citations Our citation format in this guide is (chapter.paragraph). We're using this system since there are many editions of Gatsby, so using page numbers would only work for students with our copy of the book. To find a quotation we cite via chapter and paragraph in your book, you can either eyeball it (Paragraph 1-50: beginning of chapter; 50-100: middle of chapter; 100-on: end of chapter), or use the search function if you're using an online or eReader version of the text. The Great Gatsby: Chapter 5Summary Nick comes home to find all the lights on in Gatsby’s mansion. Gatsby wants to hang out, but clearly only because he wants to know what Nick has decided about asking Daisy for tea.Nick is happy to do it, and they plan for a day after Gatsby has had a chance to get Nick’s lawn cut. Gatsby then makes a totally out of place proposal to do some bond business with Nick (whose job is selling bonds, and who doesn’t seem particularly good at it or invested in it). Nick is uncomfortable about the quid pro quo (that’s Latin for â€Å"something for something† - in other words, a transaction) feeling of the deal and declines. The next day, Nick invites Daisy to tea, and cautions her not to bring Tom. Gatsby sends someone to mow the lawn, orders a huge number of flowers, isn’t thrilled with Nick’s sad tea and cakes selection, and worries that the day will be ruined because it’s raining. He then freaks out at the last second that Daisy isn’t coming, but just then she pulls up in her car. Gatsby and Daisy meet in Nick’s living room in the most awkward, strained, and tense scene imaginable. It’s unclear whether either one is happy to see the other. They are unable to speak two words. When Nick tries to leave them alone, Gatsby panics and tries to leave also. Nick calms him down, and then stands outside in the rain for an hour to give Gatsby and Daisy some privacy.When he returns, the two are totally different – no longer embarrassed, much calmer, and Gatsby is actually glowing. Gatsby suddenly brags that it only took him three years to earn the money to buy his mansion. Nick calls him out on this since earlier Gatsby had said he had inherited his wealth. Gatsby quickly says that the inheritance was lost in the financial panic of 1914 and that he’s been in several businesses since then. Daisy then exclaims that she loves Gatsby’s giant mansion (she can see it out of Nick’s window). They go over to Gatsby’s, and he shows them around the now empty house, never taking his eyes off Daisy and her reaction to his things. Gatsby is completely overwhelmed by Daisy’s presence. He is overcome with feelings that he can’t even put into words. Gatsby opens a cabinet and starts pulling out piles of shirts and throwing them onto a table. Every kind of shirt color and pattern imaginable stack higher and higher on this table until Daisy puts her head into the shirts and starts to cry about their beauty. It starts raining again, and Gatsby shows Daisy that her house is directly across the bay from his. Nick sees a photograph of Dan Cody, who Gatsby says used to be his best friend until he died. Gatsby shows Daisy a bunch of newspaper clippings about her that he’s been collecting (she would have been featured in the gossip pages that described fancy parties and rich people’s society). Hegets a phone call about Detroit but hangs up quickly. This is the first time that he hasn’t excused himself to take acall in the novel. Nick tries to leave again, but is again roped into staying.Gatsby asks Ewing Klipspringer, a guest who apparently is just always at the house, to play the piano for them. He plays a comical love song. Nick finally says goodbye and leaves.As he does, he sees Daisy whisper in Gatsby’s ear, and imagines that her siren-like voice holds him in thrall. Daisy’s constant shirt-inspired weeping has now gotten her banned from Brooks Brothers. Key Chapter 5 Quotes "You're selling bonds, aren't you, old sport?"..."Well, this would interest you. It wouldn't take up much of your time and you might pick up a nice bit of money. It happens to be a rather confidential sort of thing." I realize now that under different circumstances that conversation might have been one of the crises of my life. But, because the offer was obviously and tactlessly for a service to be rendered, I had no choice except to cut him off there. (5.22-25) Nick recognizes that what he quickly dismissed in the moment could easily have been the moral quandary that altered his whole future. It seems that Nick thinks this was his chance to enter the world of crime – if we assume that what Gatsby was proposing is some kind of insider trading or similarly illegal speculative activity – and be thus trapped on the East Coast rather than retreating to the Midwest. It’s striking that Nick recognizes that his ultimate weakness – the thing that can actually tempt him – is money. In this way, he is different from Gatsby, whose temptation is love, and Tom, whose temptation is sex – and of course, he is also different because he resists the temptation rather than going all-in. Although Nick’s refusal could be spun as a sign of his honesty, it instead underscores how much he adheres to rules of politeness. After all, he only rejects the idea because he feels he â€Å"had no choice† about the proposal because it was â€Å"tactless.† Who knows what shenanigans Nick would have been on board with if only Gatsby were a little smoother in his approach? He had passed visibly through two states and was entering upon a third. After his embarrassment and his unreasoning joy he was consumed with wonder at her presence. He had been full of the idea so long, dreamed it right through to the end, waited with his teeth set, so to speak, at an inconceivable pitch of intensity. Now, in the reaction, he was running down like an overwound clock. (5.4) On the one hand, the depth of Gatsby’s feelings for Daisy is romantic. He’s living the hyperbole of every love sonnet and torch song ever written. After all, this is the first time we see Gatsby lose control of himself and his extremely careful self-presentation. But on the other hand, does he actually know anything about Daisy as a human being? Notice that it’s â€Å"the idea† that he’s consumed with, not so much the reality. The word â€Å"wonder† makes it sound like he’s having a religious experience in Daisy’s presence. The pedestal that he has put her on is so incredibly high there’s nothing for her to do but prove disappointing. Daisy put her arm through his abruptly but he seemed absorbed in what he had just said. Possibly it had occurred to him that the colossal significance of that light had now vanished forever. Compared to the great distance that had separated him from Daisy it had seemed very near to her, almost touching her. It had seemed as close as a star to the moon. Now it was again a green light on a dock. His count of enchanted objects had diminished by one. (5.121) Almost immediately when he’s finally got her, Daisy starts to fade from an ideal object of desire into a real life human being. It doesn’t even matter how potentially wonderful a person she may be – she could never live up to the idea of an â€Å"enchanted object† since she is neither magical nor a thing. There is also a question here of â€Å"what’s next?† for Gatsby. If you have only one goal in life, and you end up reaching that goal, what is your life’s purpose now? Is Gatsby more in love with the idea of love than with the actual human being he obsesses over? The Great GatsbyChapter 5 Analysis Now let's consider how this chapter plays into the book as a whole. Overarching Themes Love, Desire, and Relationships. After an earlier chapter of Tom and Myrtle together, we get a chapter of Daisy and Gatsby together. At first glance, the pairs are diametric opposites. Tom and Myrtle are crass and vulgar, constantly chattering about nothing, driven by materialism and physical desire, without a drop of love or romance between them. On the other hand, Gatsby and Daisy are modest and embarrassed, almost speechless, overwhelmed by feelings, and have a physical comfort with each other that Tom doesn’t inspire either in Daisy or in Myrtle (both of whom he physically hurts in varying degrees). Gatsby’s love for Daisy has an otherworldly quality that is several times described in either mythic or religious terms. But already the chapter anticipates that elevating the relationship to such heights makes a fall almost inevitable. Morality and Ethics. Nick is tempted by what he later comes to realize is the moral quandary of his life. Twice, Gatsby offers to do some kind of business with him. There are two ethical challenges in this offer. First, Gatsby is suggesting that Nick needs to be paid for services rendered – that asking Daisy to tea and letting Gatsby see her at Nick’s house is a transaction that needs to be reimbursed somehow. This casts an oddly pimp-and-prostitute vibe on what Nick is being asked to do, which would dispel some of the fairytale romance that Gatsby is ostensibly going for. Second, since it comes on the heels of their encounter with Mr. Wolfshiem, Gatsby’s business proposition is most likely illegal (Insider trading? Speculation? Printing fake bonds? There are several possibilities.). It connects Nick to the lawless criminality that in this novel is associated with the new â€Å"Wild East.† Symbolism: Gatsby's Shirts.Gatsby showers Daisy with his array of exquisite shirts in a display that is at the same time self-congratulation and also a submissive plea. On the one hand, this odd moment is like a male bird’s complicated mating dance – the shirts are the peacock’s plumage. These shirts are a visual representation of how far Gatsby has come – he can literally cover Daisy with his riches. But on the hand, the desperate way he shows them off ties into Nick’s observation that â€Å"think he revalued everything in his house according to the measure of response it drew from her well-loved eyes† (5.1). He wants her approval and is putting all of himself out there for her to pronounce judgment on. Motifs: Weather. For the first time, the novel dwells at length on an extremeweather event. The intermittent downpour sometimes limits and sometimes facilitates Daisy and Gatsby’s afternoon together. The rain allows for moments of physical comedy. For example, Gatsby’s plan to â€Å"accidentally† drop by Nick’s house during tea with Daisy falls apart when he makes his appearance soaking wet (meaning that he obviously wasn’t simply trying to visit Nick – who would do that in that kind of weather?). The rain also creates physical and emotional boundaries, allowing Daisy and Gatsby to stay in their private world. Literally, this happens when they can’t tour the mansion’s grounds and have to stay in his house. But more importantly, this happens when the rain creates a mist that hides Daisy’s house across the bay from view. She doesn’t have to think about her marriage or her daughter – she can exist with Gatsby surrounded by magical-sounding â€Å"pink and golden billow of foamy clouds† (5.134). As soon as one magical light experience (the green dock light) goes stale, Gatsby replaces it with another (sunlit rain clouds). Maybe he just needs a lamp. Crucial Character Beats Nick agrees to invite Daisy over for tea and an â€Å"accidental† meeting with Gatsby. He is able to resist the offer to do business with Gatsby. Daisy and Gatsby finally meet! It’s awkward and horrible at first, but after an hour alone together both of them seem very happy. Then, the trio goes to tour Gatsby’s mansion. Gatsby is overwhelmed by Daisy’s presence and is almost manic. He throws piles and piles of his shirts in front of her until she cries at how beautiful they are. Nick keeps trying to leave Gatsby and Daisy alone, but keeps being roped back into their company. Compare this to the way he was trying to get away from Tom and Myrtle in Chapter 2and also forced to stick around. Daisy and Gatsby are left alone together, clearly full of feelings for each other, and in their own little world. What’s Next? Laugh at a drenched, umbrella-less Gatsby in the most recent movie adaptation- it’s one of the few physical comedy bits in the novel, and that movie gets it just right. Explore the chapter’s other key symbol: the green light on Daisy’s dock. Review the chapter’s main motifs: the rainy weather, and the conspicuous lack of alcohol. Move on to the summary of Chapter 6, or revisit the summary of Chapter 4. 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The Genius of Julius Caesar

The Genius of Julius Caesar Free Online Research Papers In terms of political and military genius, surely none can compare to the brilliance of Gaius Julius Caesar. With glowing political ambition and the military genius needed to see it realised, Caesar revolutionalised the Roman republic through his ability to manipulate the Cursus Honorum, his formation and manipulation of the First Triumvirate and his triumphant military conquests in Gaul; partially attributed to his inspirational leadership. All these successes lead to the conclusion that Gaius Julius Caesar truly was, to a large extent, a political and military genius. Born into a traditional, though not wealthy, Patrician family, Caesar was influenced to achieve political success from a young age. On the one side, his family had not seen success for generations; his father making only Praetor. This gave Caesar some political guidance while filling him with ambition to succeed for family honour. On the other side however, he was related by law to Marius. Marius held consular position six years in a row and was involved in civil war with Sulla. This influence gave Caesar the thought of using illegal force to achieve his ends, and the knowledge that political success could be achieved through military accomplishments. Both these influences were to guide him in his future military and political successes. Julius Caesar showed he was able to achieve political success from a young age. At nineteen, he openly defied Sulla, refusing to divorce his wife. This was so abrasive it caused Sulla himself to comment â€Å"There are many Marius’ in this fellow Caesar† (Suetonius, 1979, p.1). Caesar showed he had the characteristics to succeed from the moment he enrolled in the army, aged twenty. His military brilliance was such that he was awarded the civic crown, the highest honour granted to a soldier. On the way to Rhodes, he was captured by pirates. It was here his exceptional abilities were first shown. Not in the least intimidated, Caesar according to Suetonius â€Å"†¦had often smilingly sworn, while still in their power, that he would soon capture and crucify them; and that is exactly what he did† (Suetonius, 1979. p.15). This act was unprecedented for a private citizen, and showed his ability to use initiative and force to gain or enforce power. It also showed he had the determination, ambition and arrogance needed to achieve political and military glory. His political genius can be easily recognised through his exploitation of the Cursus Honorum. Caesar used each position he held intelligently to further his popularity, which he correctly saw as the key to a successful political career. When elected as Quaesitor in 63BC, he went to the Po River and gained clientela by exploiting the discontent felt there due to lack of citizenship. In 65BC, when elected as Aedile, he held lavish games and amazing displays to please the crowd, spending money ‘recklessly’. He realised that huge debts could be cleared as his power grew, but he needed popularity with the people to gain power. This popularity led to his election as Pro-Praetor in 61BC. In this office he held campaigns in Spain, where he had military successes which cleared his debts, and gave him the military reputation needed to achieve further political power. It is obvious to conclude that such brilliant exploitation of each of his offices in the Cursus Honorum places him under the umbrella of ‘political genius’. His most influential, if not clever, political endeavour was his formation and manipulation of the First Triumvirate. To reach consular position and further his political career, Caesar needed to make powerful and carefully planned alliances. He approached Pompey and Crassus, two of the most powerful men in Rome. Together they held influence over the entire state. Plutarch comments: â€Å"A city, like a ship, can gain stability from opposed forces, which together prevent it from rocking one way or another; but now these forces were united into one and there was nothing to stop its movement of violent part interest from overthrowing everything† (Plutarch, 1974, p.206). While Pompey and Crassus had thought only of the short term benefits, Caesar had carefully considered this alliance, and how he could manipulate it, for his long term personal gain. Through the triumvirate he had himself elected as consul. He then had his two greatest political adversaries, Cato and Cicero, removed from Rome. To do this he had a tribune elected through the power of the Triumvirate, who then had Cicero exiled and Cato sent to Crete as provincial governor. He then further used their powers to be given, at the conclusion of his consulship, a decent province, which the Senate was attempting to thwart. Caesar was aware that a good province would be necessary if he was to achieve military greatness, and thus extend his political career. Throughout his Pro-Consulship he used the Triumvirate to look after his interests back in Rome. Clearly, the insight and subtle cleverness in the formation and manipulation of the First Triumvirate adds weight to the claim of ‘politic al genius.’ His campaigns in Gaul are where his true military genius can be clearly seen. In Gaul, Caesar accomplished three great military feats. Firstly, he bridged the Rhine River. This proved to his German opposition that he was capable of anything, and greatly increased his armies’ mobility. Such a technological feat was unprecedented. Secondly, Caesar attacked Briton. This caused excitement in Rome as no Roman had ever had ever raided that far north before. The prestige and reputation Caesar gained was far more valuable then the monetary funds plundered. Florus believes â€Å"Caesar was satisfied with what he had done – he was after all only out to acquire a reputation, not a province†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Williams, 1996, p.187). This shows how Caesar cleverly used his military feats to extend his political career. Thirdly, he produced the greatest siege ever attempted. Caesar had the Gaulish army, united under Vercingtorix, surrounded on an unassailable hill in Alesia. Aware that reinforcements were marching behind him, Caesar, in a stroke of brilliance, built two Forts, to protect himself in front and behind. To do this he had two trenches dug on both sides, one filled with water. He then had an array of spikes, holes, stakes and obstacles implemented in front of them to impede the armies further. At the conclusion of a dirty battle, Caesar was victor, having defeated two armies who together outnumbered him five men to one. The incredible reputation that these events gained for Caesar, as well as the money and land that Caesar gained personally and for the state, proves without a doubt that Caesar planned every event to impress and to contribute to his political career. These events proved that Caesar was undoubtedly a military genius. His military genius extends further, to his brilliance as a general. His successes in battle are largely a result of his men’s loyalty and adoration of him. Plutarch voices the opinion that â€Å"His ability to secure the affection of his men, and to get the best out of them was remarkable†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Plutarch, p. 59). His brilliance as a leader further backs the title of ‘military genius’. In conclusion, such deep insight into the exploitation of each political position he held, such thought and cleverness in the formation and manipulation of the First Triumvirate, his stunning military exploits in Gaul and brilliance as a leader seamlessly portray a man who can be, to a large extent, described as a ‘political and military genius’. If ever a man lived who was deserved of so prestigious a title, Gaius Julius Caesar would be that man. Research Papers on The Genius of Julius CaesarAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Quebec and CanadaBringing Democracy to AfricaAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropePETSTEL analysis of India19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationWhere Wild and West MeetCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite Religion

Arab-Islamic Civilization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Arab-Islamic Civilization - Essay Example The new contributions improved human life and also became the vital part of modern civilization in the history of humankind. Arab architecture is one of the greatest contributions that Arabic civilization brought in the history of man. Like in other fields, such as mathematics and astronomy, Arab architecture was invented for purposes of glorifying Islam. The architects of the time devoted much of their skills and time to the construction of mausoleums and mosques (American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee, 1). Their style was quite unique; in spite of its being borrowed from the Romans, horseshow arch was redesigned into their own outstanding architectural feature. The construction of the Damascus Great Mosque is one of the excellent demonstrations of the utilization of Roman horse arch, which inspired Arab architecture. Many historians have argued that the Arab architectural design that was used in the construction of Ibin Tulun mosque in Cairo brought about the insight behind the construction of some of the European outstanding cathedrals. The Arab architecture was also evident in the construction of the chalets in France, as well as the cathedrals of Wells. These constructions used Arab ogee, tefoil, and cusp arches. In Europe, the construction of ribbed vaults was greatly inspired by the designs borrowed from the Arab mosques of Constantinople, Cairo, Jerusalem, Tripoli, Damascus, and Mecca, all of which were built during the reign of Islamic civilization. As for the construction of the cathedrals, the Europeans borrowed from the Arab architecture the use of cubal transitional supports, especially during the 11th and 12th century. Thus, the contribution of Islamic civilization in terms of architecture cannot be overemphasized. The contribution of Arab civilization in the field of architecture is quite evident even in modern day

In the Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels Essay

In the Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels - Essay Example Considering that presently, Europe has been maintaining a low salary system for workers, it appears that the statements made by Marx and Engels do not reflect a truthful and realistic understanding of the economic system as a whole. Despite the failure of the workers today to uplift the salary standards of the working class, the European businesses continue to emerge and win in the international trade. Thus, it can be interpreted as contradictory to the adverse effects to the capitalists as pronounced by Marx and Engels. Otherwise, to continuously take advantage of the working class would mean defeat to the capitalists. Both Marx and Engels failed to see the power behind the capitalists and the latter's influence to suppress the possible violent reactions by the working class. The statements however of Marx and Engels did not just go to naught. The European economy could not have survived without the ideas of the two well-known pro-working class theoreticians. Knowing fully well that the proletariat, or the working class for this matter, has the potential capability to rise and change the events in their favor if continuously suppressed, the European capitalists, through the government provided for some incentives that would somehow satisfy the workers and hinder them from fighting back their employers due to urges for more economic reforms. The employers' unrelenting resistance to revolutionary actions in favor of the working class proved to be successful. Thus, the government freely allowed the labor sector to represent themselves in the government thru participation therein. Thru this, the discussion of the numerous demands of the working class would be limited in the parliament and not to revolutions that could overthrow the government, as predicted b y Karl Marx. In general, Marx and Engels failed to give proper and due recognition to the capitalists as a relevant factor in the production. They should have considered the fact that labor will be of no use if there are no raw materials to start with; and who then has the capability to provide the raw materials but the capitalists! Marx and Engels appeared to be one-sided, clinging on to the proletariat without reflecting on the need for economic balance of the society. The prophesies made by them are too extreme. They have not realized the fact that any sector that is put into power has this tendency to abuse the others. In a purely capitalist system, the capitalists abuse the proletariat for their benefit. However, the proletariat, once put into power, has this tendency also to abuse the capitalists because each sector fails to acknowledge the relevant role being played by the other. It is the extreme ideas of isolation that leads the members of the society to abuse their power. Emphasis should be made that the statements of Marx and Engels are not totally wrong; only then, it should be made more pragmatic, if one has to apply the ideas today. The urge of the capitalists to continue with production which by the way is the essence of the modern day industry, is not actually paving the way to their own graves. It is more subtle to say that this urge to produce through the use of the labor sector could be a way to the capitalists' graves if they will continuously abuse the rights of the working class and refuse to give them what is due to them. The essence of production is